ANTONIO CAPURSOOrdinario di Geriatria e Gerontologia,
Università degli Studi di BariCoordinatore Comitato Scientifico
Fondazione “Dieta Mediterranea” Ostuni
ALBEROBELLO E LA DIETA MEDITERRANEA:PATRIMONI UNESCO
Alberobello, 14 Settembre 2019
LA STORIA AFFASCINANTE DELLA DIETA MEDITERRANEA
Il 16 Nov. 2010 la Dieta Mediterranea è stata inclusa dall’UNESCO nella “Representative List of the
Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity”
DISTRIBUZIONE DEGLI ULIVINELLE REGIONI DEL MEDITERRANEO
SORIA
KORONE
CILENTO
CHEFCHAOUEN
LO SCENARIO STORICO DELLA DIETA MEDITERRANEALa civiltà Greco-Romana
Il modello “Classico”
Pane
Olio
Vino
LA TRIADE ALIMENTARE GRECO-ROMANA
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
(708 A.C.)
Eoli
Ioni
Dori
Achei Micenei
MAGNA GRECIA
LA TOMBA DELL’ATLETA
Nel corso degli scavi per le fondazioni di un nuovo palazzo, gli operai si imbatterono in un “ambiente” sotterraneo, buio. Era un vano quadrangolare con al centro un sarcofago in pietra, ed ai quattro lati quattro anfore. Il sarcofago conteneva lo scheletro di un uomo alto, circa 1.70 m, robusto, circa 77 kg. Era un atleta vissuto nel V secolo a.C., morto all’età di circa 35 anni
Taranto, 9 Dicembre 1959 - via Genova 9
THE TOMB OF THE ATHLETE, TARANTO
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
Sarcophagous of «Taranto» athlete
PANATHENEAN AMPHORA: THROWING THE DISCUS
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
PANATHENEAN AMPHORA: BOXING SCENE
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
PANATHENEAN AMPHORA: THE QUADRIGA RACING
La storia narrata da questi vasi Panatenaici testimonia il ruolo centrale dell’olio di oliva nella civiltà Greco-Romana, non soltanto in ambito alimentare ma anche in ambito economico e commerciale
POMPEI – ERUZIONE DEL VESUVIO 79 D.C.
LA NUBE PIROCLASTICA
IL TERMOPOLIUM DI VETUZIUM PLACIDUM, A POMPEI
IL TERMOPOLIUM DI VETUZIUM PLACIDUM
IL TERMOPOLIUM DI VETUZIUM PLACIDUM
IL TERMOPOLIUM DI VETUZIUM PLACIDUM
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
TERMOPOLIUM DI VETUZIUM PLACIDUMPANE, FOCACCE, OLIVE,
Nei secoli successivi i numerosi e drammatici eventi storici cambiarono profondamente la vita e le abitudini delle popolazioni Mediterranee
476 D.C.Caduta dell’impero Romano
d’occidente
LO SCONTRO DELLA CIVILTÀ BARBARICA CON LA CIVILTÀ GRECO-ROMANA
LE INVASIONI BARBARICHE
A partire dal 166 D.C. la crescente pressione delle popolazioni Barbariche sui confini dell’Impero Romano contribuì in misura determinante al progressivo “collasso” della civiltà Romana e del suo Impero.
Il periodo fra il 400 e l’800 D.C. fu poi caratterizzato da grandi migrazioni di intere popolazioni in Europa.
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
LE DUE TRIADI ALIMENTARI A CONFRONTO
Il modello “Barbarico”
Polente
Grassi animali
Birra
Il modello “Classico”
Pane
Olio
Vino
LO SCENARIO STORICO DELLA DIETA MEDITERRANEA
La civiltà “barbarica” Celtica e Germanica
Le popolazioni “barbariche” Celtiche e Germaniche avevano uno stile di vita semi-nomadico, con una economia silvo-pastorale basata sullo sfruttamento dei luoghi incolti, della caccia, della pesca e dell’allevamento di animali selvatici, (maiali e cinghiali). In tale contesto “barbarico”, i cereali avevano un ruolo molto marginale, non destinati al pane ma principalmente alla produzione di birra, una bevanda che sostituì il vino la dove la civiltà “barbarica” si insediò.
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
LO SCONTRO-INCONTRO DELLE CIVILTA’ BARBARICA E GRECO-ROMANA
Alla fine, la nuova civiltà “barbarica” con le sue abitudini alimentari attecchì fondamentalmente nelle regioni del nord-Italia.
Nel sud-Italia le popolazioni contadine, molto legate alle tradizioni e assai poco ricettive ai cambiamenti, continuarono a produrre grano, orzo, olio di oliva, vino e verdure, tutti elementi centrali della dieta “classica” Greco-Romana delle popolazioni Mediterranee.
I contadini, tuttavia, impararono dai “barbari” a sfruttare gli spazi incolti, la caccia nei boschi, la pesca nei fiumi e nei laghi, e a coltivare le verdure in piccoli appezzamenti di terreno dietro casa, gli orti.
LO SCONTRO-INCONTRO DELLE CIVILTA’ BARBARICA E GRECO-ROMANA
HOW MEDITERRANEAN DIET ENRICHED IN THE TIME
100 BC -Roman Empire
400 – 800 ADBarbarian invasions
1492 ADDiscovery of America
tomatoes common beans peppers potatoes
fish and vegetables , game (boars and birds)
Bread olive oil wine
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
LA RISCOPERTA DELLA DIETA MEDITERRANEA
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.
Relatore
Note di presentazione
An outline of the major metabolic pathways by which chylomicron remnants and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) are formed from chylomicrons and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), respectively, and subsequently catabolised. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is secreted by the gut and liver and receives additional components during the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; apo, apolipoprotein; TG, triglyceride; CE, cholesteryl ester; CETP, cholesteryl ester transfer protein; SR, scavenger receptor; LCAT, lecithin: cholesterol acyltransferase. Adapted with permission from Durrington PN. Hyperlipidaemia: Diagnosis and Management. 2nd edition. London: Butterworth-Heinemann; 1995.