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La veritagrave sul vino dal punto di vista salutistico e nutrizionale 15 Novembre 2013 ore 0900 - RICCAGIOIA SCpA ndash TORRAZZA COSTE (PV)
Il vino e la genetica del gusto nellrsquouomo ndash
Roberto Barale ndash Dipartimento di Biologia Universitagrave di Pisa
Gli umani possono distinguere 5 classi di sapori
1) dolce
2) acido
3) amaro
4) salato e
5) umami (glutammato)
taste perception
Taste
sour and salty mediated by ion channels
umami sweet and bitter mediated by GPCR
TAS1R1 + 3 TAS1R2 + 3 25 TAS2Rs
Figures by Chandrashekar et al 2006 The felids lack of this gene Panda lacks this gene
bitter
sweet
Umami
TAS2Rs genes are clustered in chromosome 7 and 12
close to the olfactive gene clusters
Cluster opsine Olfactory receptors fam 6
Olfactory receptors fam 2
Cluster taste genes
Cluster taste genes
bitter taste perception and the genetic background
25 TAS2Rs
2-Acetylpyrazine
Saccharin
Caffeine
Absinthin
Strychnine
Phenylthio-carbamide (PTC)
Epicatechin
Theobromine
Amygdalin
deorphanized hTAS2Rsligand pairs
Humulone
[Li et al patent application US 20080038739 Bufe et al 2005 Behrens et al 2004 Brockhoff et al 2007 Ley 2008]
Valpolicella Classico
Pinot Noir LEpayrie
INTENSITA DEL SAPORE AMARO
LAMARO DEL PTC (TAS2R38) CORRELA CON LAMARO DEL
VINO
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Gli umani possono distinguere 5 classi di sapori
1) dolce
2) acido
3) amaro
4) salato e
5) umami (glutammato)
taste perception
Taste
sour and salty mediated by ion channels
umami sweet and bitter mediated by GPCR
TAS1R1 + 3 TAS1R2 + 3 25 TAS2Rs
Figures by Chandrashekar et al 2006 The felids lack of this gene Panda lacks this gene
bitter
sweet
Umami
TAS2Rs genes are clustered in chromosome 7 and 12
close to the olfactive gene clusters
Cluster opsine Olfactory receptors fam 6
Olfactory receptors fam 2
Cluster taste genes
Cluster taste genes
bitter taste perception and the genetic background
25 TAS2Rs
2-Acetylpyrazine
Saccharin
Caffeine
Absinthin
Strychnine
Phenylthio-carbamide (PTC)
Epicatechin
Theobromine
Amygdalin
deorphanized hTAS2Rsligand pairs
Humulone
[Li et al patent application US 20080038739 Bufe et al 2005 Behrens et al 2004 Brockhoff et al 2007 Ley 2008]
Valpolicella Classico
Pinot Noir LEpayrie
INTENSITA DEL SAPORE AMARO
LAMARO DEL PTC (TAS2R38) CORRELA CON LAMARO DEL
VINO
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
taste perception
Taste
sour and salty mediated by ion channels
umami sweet and bitter mediated by GPCR
TAS1R1 + 3 TAS1R2 + 3 25 TAS2Rs
Figures by Chandrashekar et al 2006 The felids lack of this gene Panda lacks this gene
bitter
sweet
Umami
TAS2Rs genes are clustered in chromosome 7 and 12
close to the olfactive gene clusters
Cluster opsine Olfactory receptors fam 6
Olfactory receptors fam 2
Cluster taste genes
Cluster taste genes
bitter taste perception and the genetic background
25 TAS2Rs
2-Acetylpyrazine
Saccharin
Caffeine
Absinthin
Strychnine
Phenylthio-carbamide (PTC)
Epicatechin
Theobromine
Amygdalin
deorphanized hTAS2Rsligand pairs
Humulone
[Li et al patent application US 20080038739 Bufe et al 2005 Behrens et al 2004 Brockhoff et al 2007 Ley 2008]
Valpolicella Classico
Pinot Noir LEpayrie
INTENSITA DEL SAPORE AMARO
LAMARO DEL PTC (TAS2R38) CORRELA CON LAMARO DEL
VINO
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
TAS2Rs genes are clustered in chromosome 7 and 12
close to the olfactive gene clusters
Cluster opsine Olfactory receptors fam 6
Olfactory receptors fam 2
Cluster taste genes
Cluster taste genes
bitter taste perception and the genetic background
25 TAS2Rs
2-Acetylpyrazine
Saccharin
Caffeine
Absinthin
Strychnine
Phenylthio-carbamide (PTC)
Epicatechin
Theobromine
Amygdalin
deorphanized hTAS2Rsligand pairs
Humulone
[Li et al patent application US 20080038739 Bufe et al 2005 Behrens et al 2004 Brockhoff et al 2007 Ley 2008]
Valpolicella Classico
Pinot Noir LEpayrie
INTENSITA DEL SAPORE AMARO
LAMARO DEL PTC (TAS2R38) CORRELA CON LAMARO DEL
VINO
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
bitter taste perception and the genetic background
25 TAS2Rs
2-Acetylpyrazine
Saccharin
Caffeine
Absinthin
Strychnine
Phenylthio-carbamide (PTC)
Epicatechin
Theobromine
Amygdalin
deorphanized hTAS2Rsligand pairs
Humulone
[Li et al patent application US 20080038739 Bufe et al 2005 Behrens et al 2004 Brockhoff et al 2007 Ley 2008]
Valpolicella Classico
Pinot Noir LEpayrie
INTENSITA DEL SAPORE AMARO
LAMARO DEL PTC (TAS2R38) CORRELA CON LAMARO DEL
VINO
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Valpolicella Classico
Pinot Noir LEpayrie
INTENSITA DEL SAPORE AMARO
LAMARO DEL PTC (TAS2R38) CORRELA CON LAMARO DEL
VINO
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Individual variability in wine perception
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
La ricerca Possono le varianti dei geni del gusto influenzare la percezione di alcune caratteristiche del vino Possono le caratteristiche culturali di due popolazioni diverse influenzare la valutazione di un vino
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
panel non esperti
Primitivo
igt toscana
Il Vino scelto Il Raboso
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
00
20
40
60
80
100aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezzaglobale
panel esperti
primitivo
igt toscana
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
aciditagrave
morbidezza
astringenza
amaro
struttura
volumeretrogusto
equilibrio
persistenza
stato evolutivo
gradevolezza globale
Panel completo (esperti + non esperti)
grifone primitivo
toscana igt
raboso del piave cecchetto
monte antico toscana igt (BIB)
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Sourness
Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency
0-25 3-55 6-10
Sourness
0-25
3-55
6-10
Astringency Bitterness
0-25 3-55 6-10
0-25
3-55
6-10
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Chromosome12 1084410011231900
1201bp
7857bp
126866bp
2451bp
1641bp
45610bp
169bp
1592bp
9796bp
644bp 30005bp
715bp
31656bp
885bp 67bp
71876bp
52869bp
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
390bp
1370bp
876bp
18826637bp
15771bp
266bp
11664bp
182366bp
101bp
640bp 220241bp
1208195bp
38191bp
1503bp 33679bp
191bp
Chromosome7
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
1
2
3
TAS1R2_rs4920566_GA
AA
GA
GG Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9552 4 00487
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Astringency Integer_1 3 by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
1
2
3
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5911 4 02059
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12177 4 00161
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
1
2
3
TAS2R30_rs2599404_TG
GG
TG
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13129 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for Sourness Integer_1 3 by TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
1
2
3
TAS2R16_rs6466849_AG
AA
AG
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13118 4 00107
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts lt
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for N_Group by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 7670 2 00216
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 9379 4 00523
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for B itterness_1 by TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
1
2
3
TAS2R38_rs10246939_CT
CC
CT
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 5110 4 02762
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for N_group by W ineglass_die_3class
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 21538 3 00001
Tests of Independence
0
4
8
12
16
20
perc
en
tage
N_group
Barchart for N_group by B itterness_3class
1 2
Bitterness_3class
0
1
2
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Astringency_3class
1 2
Astringency_3class
0
1
2
Mosaic Chart for Astringency_3class by Wineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10116 6 01198
Tests of Independence
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
0
30
60
90
120
150
180fr
equ
en
cy
N_Group
Barchart for N_Group by Sourness_3class
1 2
Sourness_3class
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 28229 2 00000
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Sourness_3class by W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
W ineglass_die_3class
0
1
2
3
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 4427 6 06191
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for Balsamicvinegar3classes by TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R9_rs3741845_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 17231 4 00017
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
0
1
2
TAS2R7_rs2588350_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 13080 4 00109
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for A rtichoke3classes by CA6_rs2274333_GA
0
1
2
CA6_rs2274333_GA
AA
GA
GG
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 12886 4 00118
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Onion3classes by TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
0
1
2
TAS2R42_rs5020531_TC
CC
TC
TT
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16351 4 00026
Tests of Independence
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Mosaic Chart for Cabbage3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 10862 4 00282
Tests of Independence
Warning some cell counts
Mosaic Chart for B itterchocolate3classes by TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
TAS2R31_rs10845296_TC_N
0
1
2
Test Statistic Df P-Value
Chi-Squared 16632 4 00023
Tests of Independence
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Gut bitter taste receptor signalling induces ABCB1 through a mechanism involving
CCK
Jeon TI et al Biochem J 2011 Aug 15438(1)33-7
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Bitter taste receptors on airway smooth muscle bronchodilate by
localized calcium signaling and reverse obstruction
Deshpande DA et al Nat Med 2010 Nov16(11)
T2R38 taste receptor polymorphisms underlie
susceptibility to upper respiratory infection
Lee RJ et all J Clin Invest
2012 Nov 1122(11)4145-59
Receptor activation regulates calcium-dependent NO production resulting in stimulation of mucociliary clearance
and direct antibacterial effects polymorphisms of the TAS2R38 gene were linked to the ability of upper respiratory
cells to clear and kill bacteria Lastly TAS2R38 genotype correlated with human sinonasal gram-negative bacterial
infection These data suggest that T2R38 is an upper airway sentinel in innate defense and that genetic variation
contributes to individual differences in susceptibility to respiratory infection
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Figure 2 QRT-PCR for TAS2R46 on human MSC after differentiation into the adipocyte osteocyte
and chondrocyte lineages n = 3 donors with 3 technical replicates each
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Figure 6 Human vascular smooth muscle cells express hTAS2R46 and are stimulated by
denatonium
Lund TC Kobs AJ Kramer A Nyquist M et al (2013) Bone Marrow Stromal and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Have
Chemosensory Capacity via Bitter Taste Receptor Expression PLoS ONE 8(3) e58945 doi101371journalpone0058945
httpwwwplosoneorgarticleinfodoi101371journalpone0058945
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
Spatiotemporal characterization of bitter-tastant-evoked calcium responses in mouse male germ cells traces of calcium responses from acrosome (A) midpiece (M) and principal piece (P) of a spermatid (left) and epididymal sperm (right) to 200 microM bitter-tastant mixture (BTM) or
individual bitter tastants procainamide denatonium PTC PROP and cycloheximide
Xu J et al Mol Hum Reprod 20131917-28
copy The Author 2012 Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Human Reproduction and Embryology All rights reserved For Permissions please email journalspermissionsoupcom
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
C Human testis
1-3 TAS2R14
4-6 TAS2R16
7-9 TAS2R38
