ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE CONSIGLIO...

19-‐11/31

ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE

CONSIGLIO DIRETTIVO

DELIBERAZIONE N. 13434

Il Consiglio Direttivo dell’Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, riunito a Roma in data 28 novembre 2014, alla presenza di n. 33 suoi componenti su n. 34:

- premesso che con deliberazione n. 12664 del 29 gennaio 2013 il Consiglio Direttivo

dell’Istituto ha approvato il Memorandum of Understanding tra l’INFN ed il Laboratorio iThemba Labs della National Research Foundation (NRF) sudafricana per una collaborazione nel campo della fisica applicata e fondamentale con particolare focus sugli acceleratori di ioni e sull’utilizzo di ciclotroni di alta potenza;

- tenuto conto che, nell’ambito del suddetto MoU, i Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL)

e iThemba Labs intendono rafforzare la collaborazione esistente ed avviare uno studio congiunto per il progetto relativo alla costruzione e validazione sperimentale di un front end SPES/iThemba;

- visto lo schema di “Implementation Agreement between NRF and INFN on SPES –

Construction of the SPES/iThemba Labs Front End”, allegato alla presente deliberazione e di essa parte integrante;

- considerato che l’approvazione del documento comporta una entrata finanziaria per

l’Istituto per un importo di Euro 356.000,00 come contributo ai costi di sviluppo e costruzione del front end che sarà accertata con deliberazione di variazione di Bilancio;

- vista la nota del Direttore dei Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Prof. Giovanni Fiorentini,

del 27 ottobre 2014;

- su proposta della Giunta Esecutiva;

- con n. 33 voti favorevoli;

DELIBERA

1) E’ approvato lo schema di “Implementation Agreement between NRF and INFN on SPES – Construction of the SPES/iThemba Labs Front End”, allegato alla presente deliberazione e di essa parte integrante. Il Presidente è autorizzato a sottoscriverlo.

2) L’accertamento della relativa entrata finanziaria, come identificato in narrativa, sarà effettuato con delibera di variazione di Bilancio.

Implementation Agreement between NRF and INFN on SPES “Construction of the SPES/iThemba LABS front end”

THE ISTITUTO NAZIONALE DI FISICA NUCLEARE having its registered office in Frascati (RM), via Enrico Fermi, n. 40 duly

represented by its President, Prof. Fernando Ferroni, CF 8400 185 05 89

(hereinafter referred to as the “INFN”)

Party of the first part,

And

The NATIONAL RESEARCH FOUNDATION (NRF)

A legal entity established in terms of the National Research Foundation Act,

No. 23 of 1998 as amended, acting through its National Facility known as

iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Science, South Africa with a

registered postal address of iThemba LABS, P O Box 722, Somerset West

7129, SA and a physical address of iThemba LABS, Old Faure Road, Faure,

7131, SA duly represented by Dr Jacobus Johannes Lawrie in his capacity as

Acting Director of iThemba LABS

(hereinafter referred to as “iThemba LABS”)

Party of the second part,

jointly referred to as the PARTIES

Whereas

The INFN possesses skills in the field of ISOL target-ion source systems.

iThemba LABS wishes to equip a target station with a high power ion-source

system (ISOL front end) designed and constructed by INFN as test bench for

further development at iThemba LABS.

NRF and INFN signed on January 29th 2013 a Memorandum of

Understanding concerning

SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COLLABORATION FOR THE

DEVELOPMENT OF INNOVATIVE TARGET/ION-SOURCE ASSEMBLIES

AND BEAM DIAGNOSTICS DEVICES FOR EXISTING AND NEXT-

GENERATION RADIOACTIVE ION BEAM FACILITIES

The INFN hereby agrees to provide the ISOL front end to iThemba LABS,

under the terms and conditions set forth herein.

The following has been agreed upon: Article 1 – Purpose of the Agreement The iThemba LABS and the INFN hereby agree to conduct a joint study,

hereinafter referred to as the Study, entitled:

“Construction and experimental validation of the SPES/iThemba LABS front end project”

A detailed schedule of the Study is provided in Appendix 2 and Appendix 4

attached hereto.

The INFN shall use its best endeavor to fulfil its obligations.

Article 2 – Starting date and duration

The project will start on the day of signature by the last Party of the present

Implementation Agreement for a duration of 24 (twenty-four) months.

If the delivery of the equipment, ISOL front end, occurs before the termination

date of the Agreement, the project and the obligations of the Parties will

terminate at the date at which the ISOL front end, after the successful

scheduled tests to be performed at INFN-LNL (see Appendix 4 - Scientific and

Technical Annex), is safely delivered to iThemba LABS (within the schedule

mentioned in the attachment).

Article 3 – Principle Investigators Mr. Alberto Andrighetto (INFN)

INFN – LNL

Viale dell’Università,

2 35020 Legnaro (Padua)

Italy

Tel: +39 49 8068318

e-mail: [email protected]

Mr. Robert Bark (iThemba LABS)

iThemba LABS

PO Box 722

Somerset West 7129

South Africa

Tel: +27 21 843 1000


or such successors as each Party may designate and communicate in writing

to the other Party

Article 4 – Carrying Out of the Project

4.1 Each party shall use reasonable endeavours to perform its part of the

Project, as defined in the Project Proposal, and as amended and

agreed to at constant budget by the Project Management Team as

defined in Appendix 1, substantially in accordance with the terms and

conditions of this Agreement The Parties may, at any time, amend the

Project through consultation with the Project Management Team,

agreement to which should not to be unreasonably withheld and

ultimately subject to the approval of the iThemba LABS. The Project

has been split into five (5) main work packages in the Project Proposal.

4.2 Work packages and Timelines:

WORKPACKAGE 1: Project Validation

WORKPACKAGE 2: Mechanical Construction and Assembly

WORKPACKAGE 3: LNL tests and commissioning

WORKPACKAGE 4: Shipment to iThemba LABS

WORKPACKAGE 5: Installation at iThemba LABS

The timelines and responsibilities of the Parties in the Work packages

are tabulated in Appendix 3.

4.3 The Parties agree to endeavour to work according to their agreed

scopes of work in order to meet the agreed milestones in Appendix 3. If

any party believes that they will be unable to carry out work in

accordance with this schedule they will notify the Project Management

Team at the earliest opportunity. The Project Management Team will

decide if the work or resources should be reallocated in order to meet

the schedule or notify iThemba LABS that there may be a delay in

schedule.

4.4 The Project Management Team shall meet not less than at two (2)

monthly intervals with at least four (4) weeks’ notice being given of

such meeting. Additional meetings of the Team can be called by the

iThemba LABS principal investigator. The Parties will take turns to host

these meetings, and any member may attend by teleconference or

videoconference if necessary and available. These meetings may form

part of the main project meetings.

Article 5 – Financing arrangements As consideration for the undertakings made by the INFN, pursuant to the

Memorandum of Understanding signed on 29 January 2013 iThemba LABS

undertook to pay INFN, as part of iThemba LABS’ contribution for the

mechanical construction of the high power target ion source system to be

used at iThemba LABS, for the scientific collaboration between INFN and

NRF to realize the high power ion-source system (ISOL front end).

An amount of Three Hundred and Fifty Six Thousand Euro (€356 000) has

been evaluated for the construction of the SPES/iThemba LABS front end and

shall be paid by the iThemba LABS to INFN into bank account Unicredit SpA -

Ag. Frascati INFN – IBAN IT45P0200839105000102445030 subject to the

following:

5.1 The money allocated by iThemba LABS to INFN for the execution of

the project is reliant upon the attainment of milestones. As such the

money awarded to the Parties reflects this payment profile. The

allocated amount will be payable in tranches set out in Appendix 3. The

milestones and payment tranches may be subject to change at

constant total budget; in the event of milestone changes a revised

schedule will be sent out to Parties to agree to in writing.

.

5.2 iThemba LABS shall pay the first tranche of the allocated funds to INFN

within twenty (20) business days of the agreed project start date. This

first payment is a non-milestone driven start up payment. The second

tranche of money, after the project validation, will be used to place

orders for the input equipment needed to commence with the

construction. These tranches of funding will also support salary costs of

INFN related to this project.

5.3 Invoices should be sent to iThemba LABS by the INFN on notification

by iThemba LABS that a milestone has been met. iThemba LABS will

pay milestone invoices upon thirty (30) days of receipt of same.

INFN to send its invoices to:

Dr Robert Bark

Principal Investigator RIB Project

iThemba LABS

PO Box 722

Somerset West 7129

South Africa

Tel: 021 843 1000


Article 6 – Confidentiality – Publications 6.1 Pre-existing know-how

Each PARTY undertakes to refrain from publishing or disclosing, in any

manner whatsoever, scientific, technical or commercial information

other than that originating from the Study and, in particular, prior

findings, belonging to the other PARTY, of which it may become aware

during performance of this Agreement, provided this information is not

available to the general public. This non-disclosure obligation shall

remain effective during the term of the Agreement and for 5 (five) years

subsequent to its expiry or termination.

In particular, a 3D model and technical drawings of the material will be

transmitted by INFN to iThemba LABS to allow the maintenance of the

system and to make amelioration modifications possible.

A detailed register of all Intellectual Properties and Information falling

under the above categories will be setup as described in Article 7. The

items described in the register are considered as strictly confidential

and shall not be disclosed to third Parties.

6.2 Knowledge originating from the Study

Any and all publication or communication of information on the Results

or Know-how originating from the Study, by either PARTY, shall be

subject, during the term of this Agreement, and for 6 months following

its expiry date, to the written authorization of the other PARTY, which

shall provide notice of its decision within a maximum 2-month deadline

as from the date of the request. At the end of said deadline, and in the

absence of a reply, authorization shall be deemed to have been given.

Consequently, any and all draft publication or communication shall be

referred to the other PARTY for its opinion, with the latter being entitled

to delete or change certain details, which, if disclosed, would be liable

to compromise the industrial and commercial use, in optimum

conditions, of the Results originating from the Study. Such deletions or

changes shall not affect the scientific value of the publication.

Moreover, the other PARTY may postpone the publication or

communication for a maximum period of eighteen (18) months as from

the date of the request, particularly if the information set forth in the

publication or communication is required to be protected as industrial

property.

Said publications and communications shall refer to the contribution

made by each PARTY to the realization of the Study.

Nevertheless, these provisions shall not prevent:

- either the obligation binding on each of the persons involved in the

Study to submit an activity report to the establishment which he/she

reports to, provided this communication does not constitute a

disclosure within the meaning of industrial property legislation;

- or the defending of theses by researchers, whose scientific work

relates to the purpose of this Agreement, with such defense being

organized whenever necessary so as to guarantee the confidentiality of

certain results of the work conducted pursuant to the Study, whilst

complying with the effective university regulations.

6.3 Publications

In accordance with effective scientific practices, all publications or

communications relating to the use of the ISOL front-end shall refer to

the fact that such ISOL front-end originated from the INFN. Similarly,

the contribution of INFN staff to making the ISOL front-end accessible

shall be expressly mentioned in any and all publications or

communications, either by thanking such staff, or mentioning them as

co-authors. The provisions of this Article shall remain effective during

the term of this Agreement and for [5 (five)] years subsequent to its

expiry or termination.

Article 7 – Reporting of Project Inventions and Intellectual Property Rights

7.1. Work monitor The Principal Investigator/s will monitor the work carried out under the

Project for material that may be the subject of Project Inventions and

shall promptly notify the Project Management Team of any such Project

Invention. It is the responsibility of all Parties to support the Principal

Investigator/s in this role by bringing to his attention any material that

may be the subject of such project inventions.

7.2. Intellectual property limitation No Intellectual Property Rights are assigned or licensed under this

Agreement, except as specifically provided for in this Section 7.

7.3. Management of INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY (IP) 7.3.1. A register of Background IP and Project IP will be maintained by

the Principal Investigator/s. It is the responsibility of individual

Parties to identify IP and submit details of this IP, date of origin,

originator and ownership to the Principal Investigator/s to be

logged into the register.

7.3.2. The Parties will identify if any Background IP they bring to the

Project is encumbered or becomes encumbered. It is the role of

the Principal Investigator/s to notify the opposite party in such an

event.

7.3.3. Any Project IP logged in the register will clearly identify any

Background IP that has been used in the development of that

Project IP.

7.3.4. The register will be maintained by the Principal Investigator/s in

a secure database and will be openly available to any member of

the Project Management Team.

7.3.5. Each party shall use all reasonable endeavors to ensure the

accuracy of any information or materials that it supplies to any of

the other Parties hereunder and to promptly correct, where

possible, any error therein of which it is notified. A recipient party

shall be solely and entirely responsible for its use of the

information and materials.

7.4. Background IP 7.4.1. A register will be maintained by the Principal Investigator/s

where Background IP is logged and ownership identified. It is the

responsibility of the individual Parties to identify Background IP

and submit details of this Background IP, date of origin and

originator and ownership to the Principal Investigator/s to be

logged.

7.5. Sole Project IP 7.5.1. A register will be maintained by the Principal Investigator/s

where Sole Project IP is logged and origin date and originator

are identified. It is the responsibility of the individual Parties to

identify Sole Project IP and submit details of this Sole Project IP,

date of origin and name(s) of originators to the Principal

Investigator/s to be logged. Where Background IP has been

used in the development of the Sole Project IP this must also be

identified and details included when reporting the Sole Project IP

for logging in the register.

7.6. Joint Project IP 7.6.1. A register will be maintained by the Principal Investigator/s

where Joint Project IP is logged and ownership identified. In the

case of Joint Project IP it is the responsibility of the Parties

creating the same to identify Joint Project IP and submit details

of this Joint Project IP, date of origin and originator to the

Principal Investigator/s to be logged. It is for the Parties creating

the same to determine which of them is to be responsible for the

reporting obligations in this Section 7.

7.7. Commercial Exploitation 7.7.1. In accordance with this agreement the Parties shall seek the

prior written consent of the other party (not to be unreasonably

withheld) to any commercial use of, or granting to any third party

any exploitation rights over Project Intellectual Property. Such

consent shall be sought by completing a consent letter.

7.7.2. iThemba LABS will agree with the Project Management Team

any route to potential commercial exploitation.

7.8. Future Academic Technology Use 7.8.1. The Parties hereby grant to each other a non-exclusive royalty

free licence to all Project IP (and any Background IP necessary

for the use of such Project IP) for use outside the Project for

academic, research and teaching purposes after the end of the

contact period. The license is for sole use of the Parties and the

Parties agree that it will not be passed to any other party without

permission of the Project Management Team.

7.9. Rights to Results and Record Keeping 7.9.1. The Parties shall not have any rights to any results emerging

from the Project, and all such results shall be deemed to be

Project intellectual property and owned in accordance with the

provisions of the Intellectual Property from Publicly Financed

Research and Development Act, 2008 (Act No. 51 of 2008 7.9.2.

The Parties shall be under obligations of confidence concerning

such results according to Sections 5 and 6.

7.9.3. The Parties shall keep detailed records including scientific

notebooks of all of its activities and upon request by iThemba

LABS shall make these available. Such records and any

associated data (such disclosure not to constitute a breach of

confidentiality by the third party).

7.10 Ownership of the prototype

At the end of the Study, iThemba LABS shall be the sole owner of the

ISOL front-end.

Article 8 – Liability 8.1 As the material provided by INFN is of an experimental nature, INFN

shall not provide any and all warranty as regards its condition, activity,

practical utility, efficiency, purity, harmlessness, non-toxicity, safety, or

as regards its use, market value or suitability in respect of any and all

objective.

Whilst each party shall use all reasonable endeavours to ensure the

accuracy of the work performed and any information given, no party

makes any warranty, express or implied, as to accuracy and shall not

be held responsible for any consequence arising out of any

inaccuracies or omissions unless such inaccuracies or omissions are

the result of negligence on the part of that party or its agents. Any

party’s total liability hereunder shall be limited as follows:

i) Except in respect of death or personal injury or loss, damage or

injury to third Parties, for which no limit shall apply, any party’s

total liability hereunder howsoever arising will be limited to the

cash Project budget allocated to that party (as set out under

Appendix 3).

ii) No party shall be liable to any other party for loss of

profits or contracts or other indirect or consequential losses

whether arising from negligence, breach of contract or

howsoever.

8.2 iThemba LABS shall be solely liable for any and all risks or loss which

may arise after the ISOL front-end has been accepted by iThemba

LABS, in particular in the event of injury, death, physical damage, or

any and all other incident or loss that may be occasioned by the use,

testing or manipulation of the material.

8.3 iThemba LABS undertakes to use the material in accordance with the

effective legislation of the country in which it is used.

Article 9 – Termination This Agreement may be automatically terminated by either PARTY in the

event of the other PARTY’s breach of one or several of the obligations set

forth in its various clauses. Termination shall only become effective three (3)

months subsequent to the sending, by the aggrieved PARTY, of a registered

letter with acknowledgment of receipt setting forth the reasons for the

complaint, unless during this period, the defaulting PARTY were to have

complied with its obligations, or were to present proof of an obstacle

representing a case of force majeure.

The exercising of this right of termination shall not discharge the defaulting

PARTY from having to comply with its contractual obligations until the

effective termination date, subject to any loss suffered by the aggrieved

PARTY as a result of the early termination of the Agreement.

Article 10 - Force Majeure & Significant Project Delays

In the event that a party is delayed or impeded in the performance of its

obligations hereunder by any industrial dispute or by any cause beyond its

reasonable control, such party shall be entitled to request an extension of time

(in so far that such extension is agreed to by iThemba LABS and Project

Management Team). Any party so delayed or impeded shall promptly inform

the other Parties of the nature of the relevant cause and of the expected

duration of the relevant delay or impediment. If the delayed delivery of a work

programme by any party significantly affects the available work time for

another party or Parties, the Project Management Team can chose to

reallocate funds and/or the work so as to enable the Project to meet the

agreed Milestones in Appendix 3. Alternatively, iThemba LABS may in

consultation with the Project Management Team decide to reduce or alter the

scope of the Project or seek an extension to the Contract Period.

Article 11 – Scope of the Agreement

This Agreement, together with its Appendices, sets forth the entirety of the

PARTIES obligations. No clause appearing in the documents sent or provided

by the PARTIES may be included herein.

Article 12 – Invalidity of a clause

Should one or several provisions of this Agreement be held to be invalid, or

found to be so in application of a treaty, legislation or regulations, or even

subsequent to a final legal decision from a Court having jurisdiction, the other

provisions shall retain all their effect and scope. In this case, the PARTIES

shall immediately make the required changes, whilst complying, insofar as

possible, with their intention when this Agreement was signed.

Article 13 – Disputes

In the event of conflicts, the Parties shall make every effort to reach an

amicable agreement. In case an amicable agreement cannot be reached

notwithstanding all efforts made, the disputes and difficulties shall be finally

settled by the ICC - International Court of Arbitration.

Article 14 - Signature

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts. This has the

same effect as if the signatures on such counterparts were on a single copy of

this Agreement. Each person signing this Implementation Agreement in a

representative capacity warrants to all of the Parties his or her authority to do

so.

For NRF

Dr Jacobus Johannes Lawrie

_____________________________

Duly Authorized in his capacity as

Acting Director of iThemba LABS

For: INFN

Prof. Fernando Ferroni

___________________________

Duly Authorized in his capacity as

President

Accepted by iThemba_Labs

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Appendix 1: PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM

Organisation People Involved

Role Contact Details

1

iThemba LABS

Dr Robert

Bark

iThemba LABS

RIB Project

Leader;

Principal

Investigator

[email protected]

Dr Lowry

Conradie

Head iThemba

LABS

Accelerator

Group

[email protected]

Mr Pieter

van

Schalkwyk

Head Technical

Implementation

[email protected]

2

INFN

Dr

Gianfranco

Prete

SPES Project

Leader;

Principal

Investigator

[email protected]

Dr Alberto

Andrighetto

SPES RIB

Production

Leader;

Principal

Investigator

[email protected]


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APPENDIX 2: PROPOSAL

MANAGEMENT SYSTEM OF SPES QUALITY AND SAFETY

Code doc. DOC_0000027 SPES/iThemba LABS target Front end

Rev. 00

Pag. 16 di 35

Document Content

The aim of the Selective Production of Exotic Species (SPES) project is to produce accelerated radioactive ion beams, by Isotope Separation OnLine (ISOL) method, for Physics studies at “Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro” (Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Italy). This accelerator complex is scheduled to be built by 2016 for an effective operation in 2017. In the SPES project, the radioactive species are produced in a Target Front-end, and then separated and transported by an electrostatic beam line toward a post accelerator complex. The iThemba LABS management board has recently adopted the SPES Front End (FE) engineering design, in order to assure the ions production in the forthcoming South African radioactive ion-beam (RIB) Facility. This document contains the technical information of the main components of the proposed iThemba LABS Target Front-end, which is an evolution of the SPES Front end, which has been developed and constructed, in the last years, at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL).


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1 Document Objectives ................................................................................................................. 18 2 Project Organization ................................................................................................................... 18

2.1 Functions and missions of everyone .................................................................................. 18 2.2 Relationships with the partners .......................................................................................... 18

2.2.1 Responsibilities .............................................................................................................. 18 2.3 Global project breakdown .................................................................................................. 19

3 Front End Technical description ................................................................................................ 19 3.1 The target Complex ............................................................................................................ 20 3.2 The Ion Sources .................................................................................................................. 23

3.2.1 The surface ion source (SIS) .......................................................................................... 24 3.3 The Chamber Target Unit .................................................................................................. 24 3.4 The Coupling Table ............................................................................................................ 25 3.5 The extraction System ........................................................................................................ 26 3.6 The Frames ......................................................................................................................... 28

4 Budget and Planning .................................................................................................................. 29 4.1 Equipment and raw material budget ................................................................................... 29 4.2 Construction and test budgets ............................................................................................ 30 4.3 Total budget ........................................................................................................................ 30 4.4 General Planning ................................................................................................................ 30


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DOCUMENT OBJECTIVES The objective of this document is to present the development plan, regarding the construction and the validation tests, of an Isotope Separation OnLine (ISOL) Target Front End to be realized in Italy following the Selective Production of Exotic Species (SPES) design. The system will be shipped to South Africa and will be part of the iThemba LABS test stand. The document will present the information necessary for the evaluation of the construction feasibility, in particular: • the project organization • the technical description of the Front End, • the resources necessary for the construction.

PROJECT ORGANIZATION

FUNCTIONS AND MISSIONS OF EVERYONE The iThemba LABS project, in a first stage, asks SPES to perform the final design, the construction and the validation tests of a target Front End device. iThemba LABS will fund this project. The iThemba LABS front-end is based on the one developed at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) for the Selective Production of Exotic Species (SPES) project. SPES has the technical responsibility of the design and construction. SPES will drive the validation tests on its test stand, the necessary minor mechanical adaptations of the iThemba LABS Front End will be funded by SPES. iThemba LABS representatives will be allowed to follow the construction and commissioning at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), with the aim of becoming acquainted with the details of the apparatus and its operation, but the responsibilities of the technical choices remain those of the SPES group. RELATIONSHIPS WITH THE PARTNERS

In the frame of the MoU between Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) and National Research Foundation (NRF) signed on 6-March-2013 by Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) President (Fernando Ferroni) and National Research Foundation (NRF) iThemba LABS Director (Z.Z. Vilakazi), SPES project and iThemba LABS are collaborating for the development of innovative target/ion-source assemblies for next generation radioactive ion beam facilities.

The Technical Addendum attached to the MoU describes the detailed projects of common interest, among them “Project 1” is related to Research and development on Isotope Separation OnLine (ISOL) target defining the frame for the present project.

6.1 Responsibilities On the Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN)-Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro

(LNL) side, the person in charge for the correct execution of the agreement is Dr. Gianfranco Prete (SPES Project Leader), on behalf of the Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL)


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Director, and the person in charge for the technical implementation of Project 1 is Dr. Alberto Andrighetto (SPES radioactive ion-beam (RIB) production Leader). On the iThemba LABS side the contract will be under the responsibility the Leader of the Radioactive Beam Project, Dr Robert Bark. The person in charge for the technical implementation of Project 1 is the Head of the Accelerator and Engineering Department, Dr. Lowry Conradie.

GLOBAL PROJECT BREAKDOWN

The project work breakdown structure is reported in Figure 1.

Fig. 1: The Project Work Breakdown Structure

FRONT END TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION

The SPES front-end (see Fig. 2), an evolution of the ISOLDE FE6, is the assembly of all the mechanical devices involved in the production of radioactive beams, and is the main apparatus contained in the SPES irradiation bunker. The main purpose of this apparatus is to connect, once assuring the target chamber handling, the two beam lines, respectively the proton and the radioactive ion-beam (RIB) one.

The main purpose of this apparatus is to connect, once assuring the target chamber handling, the two beam lines, respectively the proton and the radioactive ion-beam (RIB) one. In this apparatus, all components are made of aluminum in order to minimize the material activation as consequence of the huge production of neutrons coming from the production target. Through the proton Front End (FEP) the beam, coming from the cyclotron, is sent into the target chamber unit. Because of nuclear reactions that occur in the production target, the radioactive ions produced, are extracted and sent into the Radioactive Front-End (FER), which constitutes the first part of the radioactive ion-beam (RIB) line.

The Target Front-end is divided into some functional subsystems.

The first one is the target ion-source complex where the ion beam is produced. It consists of a target complex, connected by means a transfer line, the ionizer and the extractor devices.


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The target unit is made of a graphite box containing the target disks, windows and dumps (both in graphite) disks, and is contained in a tantalum cylinder, which is resistively heated by passing a high current through it in addition to the heat supplied by the irradiating beam. A small tantalum tube, called transfer tube, connects the target unit to the ion source in order to plug in several kinds of ion sources.

The second subsystem is the Target Chamber, which contain the target and ion complex. The aluminium chamber must be easily removed, for servicing or storage, from both beam lines after the irradiation process. For this reason, the mechanical design of the target chamber strongly takes into account this effect. The target chamber unit is coupled to the proton driver and to the radioactive ion-beam (RIB)’s beam by means of quick connectors.

The third one is the extraction system, which it consists on a movable puller and an electrostatic steerer device.

The last subsystem is the frame (with a fixed and removable part). All components are made of aluminium in order to minimize the material activation as consequence of the huge production of neutrons coming from the production target.

Fig. 2: The SPES/iThemba LABS front end

The TARGET COMPLEX

The target has been designed in order to satisfy some main requirements, such as:

• High number of reactions,

• maximize the isotope release


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• Low power deposition in the materials (both window and target).

A direct target configuration is chosen for the SPES project, consisting of a proton beam (E= 40 MeV) directly impinging on the target. The main problem of this configuration concerns the high power deposition of the incident beam in the production target, mainly due to the electromagnetic interactions.

In order to solve this problem, only the protons with higher fission cross-section are exploited in a thin target, while the outgoing lower energy beam is driven towards a passive dump. In order to optimize the heat dissipation, a good solution is the use of a target constituted by multiple discs. In this way, the cooling of the target is strongly simplified: in fact, due to the void environment, the heat dissipation is fully entrusted to the thermal radiation and this mechanism is directly proportional to the body surface. The use of several thin discs of equal mass increases the total surface and allows for a better cooling.

Fig. 3: The target complex

The target container is a cylindrical Carbon tube 1mm thick with radius 2.5 cm and length 24 cm. The entrance window is a 0.4 mm thick graphite layer of 4 cm diameter. Seven discs of UCx, LaCx or SiC et others, composes the active part of the target, see Figure 3. The discs have a radius of 2 cm and thicknesses of about of 1 mm. The choice of discs material is due to the kind of beam to be produced and accelerated. All different carbide disks can be allocated in the graphite container as shown in Figure 4.


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Fig. 4: The carbide discs insert in the graphite box

The target heating system consists of a thin tantalum tube, with an average length of 200 mm, an external diameter and a thickness of 50 and 0.2 mm, respectively. It is welded at its edges to two tantalum wings, which are directly connected to copper clamps, through which an electric current delivered by a 10 kW power supply (maximum current IMAX = 1300 A and maximum potential VMAX = 10 V) heats by Joule effect the Ta tube.

A Tantalum tube (transfer tube) connects the target unit to the ion source complex allowed the possibility to plug in several kinds of ion sources as described in next. The tube is made of tantalum with the external and the internal diameter of 8.8 mm and 8 mm, respectively. It connects the production target and the ion source as represented in figure 5.

Fig. 5: The tantalum heater with the graphite box inside (right)

The high temperature target system (composed of disks, box and heating system) is located under vacuum inside a water-cooled chamber vacuum and high temperature are essential to enhance the radioactive isotopes extraction as shown in figure 6


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Fig. 6: The target and Ion-source complex allocated in the chamber unit

THE ION SOURCES

The ion sources dedicated to the production of radioactive ion beams (RIBs) have to be highly efficient, selective (to reduce the isobar contamination) and fast (to limit the decay losses of short-lived isotopes). Ion sources for radioactive beam generation must operate steadily for extended periods at high temperatures (up to 2200°C). The selection of the most appropriate “target - ion source” (TIS) system is of paramount importance since its performance determines the beam intensity, the beam quality, and the number of radioactive beams that can be provided for experimental use. The choice of a specific ion source is primarily dictated by efficiency, and secondarily by its capability of selective ionization. All produced ions are accelerated towards the ion extraction electrode by a potential up to 40 kV.

The three main ionization mechanisms used in the context of radioactive ion-beam (RIB) production are the surface ionization mechanism, the laser ionization mechanism, and the electron impact ionization mechanism. They are associated to the surface ion source, the laser ion source and the plasma ion source, respectively.

The surface ionization mechanism can provide mainly singly charged alkali metal and alkaline earth metal ion beams, and in general is applied to elements with ionization potential lower than 6 eV (in particular for Rb and Cs, but also for Sr and Ba). This technique is quite selective and can allow reaching high values of ionization efficiency, up to 60%.

Metal elements like Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Sr, Y, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Ba and La are expected to be ionized by means of the resonant laser ionization mechanism. These elements are characterized by an intermediate value of the first ionization potential, approximately between 6 and 10 eV. The laser ionization technique is surely the most selective one.


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The electron impact ionization mechanism is indicated for the noble gases (Kr and Xe), the halogens (Br and I), and for Se. All these elements are characterized by an ionization potential higher than 10 eV. This ionization technique is not selective, but can reach quite high ionization efficiency values (up to 40% in the case of Xe).

6.2 The surface ion source (SIS) The SPES surface ion source is a hot-cavity ion source that can be used also during the

photo-ionization process. Its main component is the tubular ionizing cavity (made of Re or Ta) characterized by a length, an external diameter and an internal diameter approximately equal to 35 mm, 5 mm and 3 mm, respectively. It is connected on one side to a stiff support and on the other side to the tantalum transfer line, as represented in Fig. 7. A cylindrical thermal screen contributes to keep the ionizing cavity at high temperature also in proximity of the connection with its support. A thin round plate is located behind the support, to produce an appropriate electrical field between the ion source and the extracting electrode, and to shield the TIS system radiative power. Both the surface ion source and the transfer line are heated by Joule effect using the same electrical circuit.

Fig. 7: The SIS complex allocated in the chamber unit

THE CHAMBER TARGET UNIT

The SPES target chamber unit takes all the engineering principles embodied in the target source modules used in the Holifield Radioactive Ion-Beam Facility (HRIBF) and Isolde projects for remote and safe handling. The attractive feature of this approach is that loose contamination is enclosed in a relatively compact system.

The SPES Target Ion-Source device is housed on a vacuum feed-through situated in a water-cooled base plate and enclosed by an aluminium water-cooled bell jar. The target chamber unit, which weight about 40 kg, is coupled to the proton and to the radioactive ion-beam (RIB) beam lines, by means of quick connectors and valves for isolating the system from the proton beam pipe and Front End (FE), when necessary. The chamber has two handling interfaces placed on the top and in the front of the chamber in order to allow the remote


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handling of the target unit after and before the irradiation. A picture of the target unit chamber is shown in Figure 8.

Fig. 8: The SPES target chamber unit

THE COUPLING TABLE

In order to insert/remove easily the target chamber unit to/from the front end, is necessary to build a dedicated device. The coupling table is the key part of the front-end. On it, are mounted structures that must accomplish the following tasks:

• Move the target chamber unit to the front end

• Connect the proton channel to the chamber unit • Allow the hydraulic and electrical connections • Open and close the valves of the chamber.

In the coupling table (se Fig. 9), there are the plugs that are used to transfer water to the chamber cooling and the connections that allow providing the electricity needed to heat the target ion system. The target chamber unit must be positioned into coupling table by an automatic handling device. Once inserted, the chamber is pushed against the flange coupling by a pneumatic piston, which actuates two arms that in their turn push the chamber against the flange in order to permit the electrical connections are plugs and hydraulic ones. It remains to connect the proton beam line with the chamber unit. The connection between the two devices must be carried out with great precision to ensure a high vacuum level.


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Fig. 9: The 3D drawing of the Front End (FE) coupling table.

The coupling of the proton channel is carry out by the thrust performed by a pneumatic cylinder, connected by two shafts, which pushes a bellows hinged on the linear guides against the chamber.

THE EXTRACTION SYSTEM

Once the ionization has taken place, the puller or extraction electrode accelerates the ions. This device consists of a 50mm diameter tube, made of Titanium (Ti). The entrance side of the puller, called head, has conical shape. This head has a 6mm aperture where the accelerated ions pass through. The ion source is held to a high electrical potential, respect to the extractor, by a dedicated high voltage power supply. A maximum electrical potential of 65kV could be applied to the ion source (however, for the off-line version, a maximum of 30kV is set). Additionally, the distance between the ion source and the electrode can be adjusted from 179 to 63mm The extracted beam has a shape and divergence, which are mainly due to the ionization and to the first stage of acceleration. Without the use of focusing lens, the beam keeps its divergence so its spot size grows and decreases its density. In order to drive the beam spot to the desired target it is necessary to steer it and to focalize it.

After the puller, four electrostatic steerers are installed, as reported in Figure 10a and 10b. Four couples of 60mm long cylindrical shaped plates, separated by 55mm, are mounted along


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the beam line, each electrode may be supplied by independent +3kV power supplies. This configuration produces uniform electrical fields orthogonal to the beam direction. For each plane, two deflectors are used with opposite polarity to produce a shift of the beam.

Fig. 10a: The 3D drawing of the extracting system.

Fig. 10b: The schematic drawing of the steerer system.


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The extracting system described above is connected to the coupling table by means an alumina insulator (see Figure 11) that guarantees the platform voltage in order to extract the ion beams.

Fig. 11: The 3D drawing of the alumina insulator

THE FRAMES

The system described above is connected to a removable frame, which is supported by a fixed frame, as shown in Figure 12.

This layout was designed to easily front-end remove in order to perform a prompt replacement.

Fig. 12: The 3D drawing two frames


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BUDGET AND PLANNING

EQUIPMENT AND RAW MATERIAL BUDGET The capital expenditure and raw material cost is evaluated to be 169.000 €.

The detail of the equipment is given below:

Target Ion Source

Heater and transfer line 10000

Surface ionization ion source 3000

Target chamber unit

Cooled box 15000

Connection plate 10000

Front End valves

Proton channel valve CF64 4000

radioactive ion-beam (RIB) channel valve CF100

7000

HV insulators

Al2O3 radioactive ion-beam (RIB) insulator

22000

Al2O3 proton beam insulator 10000

Peek insulators 3000

Extraction system

Electrostatic steerer 5000

Movable Puller 3000

Connectors 3000

Mechanic (box and flange) 8000

Coupling table Target and proton beam coupling 25000

Frames Global frames and supports 15000

Raw materials 16000

Expedition 10000

TOTAL 169000


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CONSTRUCTION AND TEST BUDGETS The upgraded design, construction follow-up, assembling and test is evaluated to be 187.000 € for Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) personnel involvement.

Senior scientist 10% 10000

Mechanical FEM Engeneer 70% 50000

Mechanical 3D Engeneer 100% 60000

Workshop Technician 80% 50000

Experimental technician 20% 12000

Administration and management 10% 5000

TOTAL 187000

The Front end to be realized does not include electric cables, motors, power supplies, vacuum and control devices, which are under the iThemba LABS responsibility. The valve and pump behind the extraction system are not supplied. Therefore, there are no vacuum devices (pumps and gauges) to deliver. The overall length of the front end is about 1357 mm, its height without the frame is 2110 mm, its lateral bulk is about 1546 mm, as reported in the assembly view of Fig 11. Its weight is about 400 kg.

TOTAL BUDGET

The total budget to charge to iThemba LABS is evaluated to be 356.000 € plus costs of the visit of up to three INFN personnel to iThemba LABS.

Construction VAT included 169000

Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) Personnel cost

187000

TOTAL 356000

Travel, accommodation and living allowance for on-site installations and test (up to 3 INFN persons 15 days). Per diem 40.

Funded by iThemba LABS

GENERAL PLANNING The first step consist on the design validation: iThemba LABS must approve the construction project by reading and validating the equipment design provided by the SPES group.


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After this stage (2 months), Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN) can start the construction phase. Due to the quite long delivery time of the different items, the construction stage is estimated in 9 months as reported in Fig. 13. It is proposed to have specific revue meetings or videoconference in order to check the good project implementation, at least every two months. After final assembling a vacuum test will be performed: the vacuum inside the apparatus must reach pressure values of about 10-6 mbar. The final acceptance test will be performed at Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL), at the end of the construction and the assembly of all subsystems, possibly with participation of iThemba LABS technical staff. The shipment is duty of Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro (LNL) as permanent exportation. In fig.14 the general layout of the system.

Fig. 13: Planning


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Fig. 14: General Layout of Front End (FE)


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APPENDIX 3 MILESTONES and PAYMENTS

W.P. Milestone Role Responsibility Estimated

Completion

Time

Payment

Tranche

0 Contract

Negotiation &

Signature

Negotiation iThemba LABS

INFN

0 months €36500

1 Project Validation

by iThemba LABS

Provision of design

and acceptance

specifications

INFN 2 months €109500

Validation of design

and acceptance

specifications

iThemba LABS

2 Mechanical

construction &

assembly

Responsible Party INFN 11 months

Observer iThemba LABS

3 Successful LNL

tests and

commissioning

Responsible Party INFN 12 months €210000

Observe and Validate iThemba LABS

4 Shipment to

iThemba LABS

Responsible Party INFN 13 months

Total €356 000

5 Installation at

iThemba LABS

Responsible Party iThemba LABS 16 months Travel,

accommodation,

for up to 3 INFN

personnel for 15

days with

€40 per diem

Observer INFN


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APPENDIX 4 - SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL ANNEX

SPES/iThemba_LABS ISOL front-end Development plan

Development plan for the mechanical construction and related validation tests, of an ISOL Target Front End to be realized in Italy following the SPES design. The system will be shipped to South Africa and will be part of the iThemba LABS test stand.

Project steps:

Time

(Months)

Work Package

Item Responsibility Notes

0 0 Approval of Memorandum of Agreement.

INFN-‐iThemba LABS

0 1 Validation of the Design and Acceptance Specifications

Produced by INFN

Approved by iThemba LABS

2 2 Start Construction phase: front-‐end construction.

INFN

Procurement of materials. INFN

Assembly of mechanical parts and components.

INFN

Periodic skype meeting. INFN-‐iThemba LABS

11 Final assembly INFN

12 3 Start Commissioning phase: Acceptance test. Commissioning Milestone: 10-‐6 mbar

INFN Approved by iThemba LABS

13 4 Shipment to iThemba LABS. Permanent exportation.

INFN

16 5 Installation at iThemba Labs. iThemba LABS -‐ INFN


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Description

The Development plan consists on several steps:

-‐ The first step consists on the design validation. The iThemba LABS must approve the construction project by reading and validating the equipment design provided by the SPES group. The acceptance tests will be agreed upon.

-‐ After this stage (2 months), INFN can start the construction phase. Due to the quite long delivery time of the different items, the construction stage is estimated as 9 months.

It is proposed to have specific revue meetings or videoconference in order to check the good project implementation, at least every two months.

-‐ The front end tests and commissioning will be performed at Legnaro. After the final assembly of all mechanical parts and components in the LNL mechanical workshop, a mechanical, electrical and vacuum commissioning will be performed. The vacuum test of whole system is expected to reach the pressure values of about 10-‐6 mbar.

This final acceptance test will be performed, possibly, with the participation of iThemba LABS technical staff.

-‐ The shipment is duty of LNL as permanent exportation.

-‐ Finally, the technicians of iThemba LABS will perform the installation at the iThemba LABS ISOL test stand. A possible visit of INFN personnel is desirable (but not required), in order to verify the proper FE operational system behavior after transporting, reaching the vacuum values obtained in the commissioning acceptance test performed at LNL.

Timing plan

T0 T0+2 T0+11 T0+12 T0+13 T0+16Contract negotiation & signatureProject validation by iThemba_LabsMechanical construction and assemblyLNL test and commissioningShipment to iThemba_LabsInstallation at iThemba_Labs

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